Study guide · 2025 outline
NPS Study Guide
A good NPS study guide starts from the Detailed Content Outline effective October 1, 2025 and spends your hours where its 150 scored items actually sit. This one walks the outline one section at a time, follows its patient-type axis, lays out a four-to-six-week plan built around shift work, and compares the paid and free review options without ranking anyone.
- Section I
- 80items
- Section II
- 70items
- II-C
- 30items
- Areas
- 19
Outline effective October 1, 2025. Try a row: the 60-row practice flowsheet.
DCO
The 2025 outline, section by section
The NPS follows the Detailed Content Outline effective October 1, 2025, and that outline has two content sections. Section I, competencies shared between critical and general care, holds 80 of the 150 scored items. Section II, competencies specific to critical care, holds 70 of the 150 scored items. On top of those sit 20 unscored pretest items that you cannot tell apart from the rest, which is why the exam is 170 multiple-choice items long (NPS Detailed Content Outline (Oct 2025)).
The near-even split hides a lopsided inside. Section I spreads its 80 items over 13 areas, and the largest of them, I-A Assess Information, is only 12. Section II packs its 70 into 6 areas, and one of them, II-C Manage Ventilation and Oxygenation, takes 30. That single area outweighs any two areas of Section I put together, and II-C plus II-D (procedures, 17) make up 47 of Section II's 70.
| Content area | Items | Share of 150 |
|---|---|---|
| II-C · Manage Ventilation and Oxygenation | 30 | 20.0% |
| II-D · Facilitate Procedures Including Evaluation of Efficacy | 17 | 11.3% |
| I-A · Assess Information | 12 | 8.0% |
| I-D · Assess Airway Management | 9 | 6.0% |
| I-E · Manage Equipment Selection and Troubleshooting | 9 | 6.0% |
| I-G · Anticipate Effects and Interactions of Medications | 9 | 6.0% |
| I-H · Anticipate Care Based on Diagnostic Results | 9 | 6.0% |
How the items think: recall, application, analysis
The outline also sorts every item by the thinking it asks for. Across the form that is 22 recall items, 79 application items and 49 analysis items. The two sections lean differently: Section I is mostly application (47 of 80), while Section II splits evenly between application and analysis (32 and 32 of 70) and has only 6 recall items.
- Section I · Shared care16 recall · 47 application · 17 analysis
- Section II · Critical care6 recall · 32 application · 32 analysis
Analysis items hand you a patient, a trend in the numbers and four plausible next moves. Flashcards will not get you through them; working whole cases will. Plan your Section II time around that.
Guides
NPS section guides
Each section has its own guide on this site, with every content area, the traps the practice rows keep exposing, and a 12-row drill at the top. Start with the Section II critical care guide if your exam is under a month away; it carries the heavier analysis load. The Section I shared care guide is the breadth pass.
Live guide
I. Competencies Shared Between Critical and General Care
80 items · 53.3%
Live guide
II. Competencies Specific to Critical Care
70 items · 46.7%
Planned
II-C Manage Ventilation and Oxygenation (deep dive)
30 items · 20.0%
Planned
Patient type: prematurity (RDS/surfactant, apnea) + chronic lung disease
min. 11 + 11 items
Planned
Patient type: asthma
min. 12 items
The dashed cards are the next guides in line: a II-C ventilation deep dive, prematurity and surfactant, and pediatric asthma. The two section guides already cover that ground at area level.
Pts
The patient-type axis
The outline has a second axis that most study guides skip. Besides its content area (I-A through II-F), every item is tied to a patient type, and the outline sets a minimum number of items for each type in the item pool every form is drawn from. Per form it fixes only the totals: at least 86 pulmonary and 34 non-pulmonary items. Each sitting is a linear-on-the-fly form: every candidate gets a different form assembled from item sampling groups to the same specification, and those totals are what make your form and the next candidate's cover the same mix of patients.
| Patient type | Min. in pool |
|---|---|
| Neonatal pulmonary (MAS, pneumonia, PPHN) | 15 |
| Asthma | 12 |
| Chronic lung disease of prematurity | 11 |
| Infectious (pneumonia, croup) | 11 |
| Prematurity, acute phase (RDS, surfactant, apnea) | 11 |
Neonatal pulmonary disease (meconium aspiration, pneumonia, PPHN) leads with at least 15 items. Asthma follows at 12, then three types at 11 each: chronic lung disease of prematurity, infectious disease such as pneumonia and croup, and the acute phase of prematurity (RDS, surfactant, apnea). Bronchiolitis and pediatric ARDS sit at 8. The non-pulmonary list is shorter: neurologic, neuromuscular and congenital heart disease each have a floor of 6.
How to use the second axis
Study by area first, then do one pass by patient type. Take the five types above and ask the same question of each: what would you assess, what would you change at the bedside, and what would make you escalate. That pass catches the gaps that area-by-area study leaves, especially for a type your unit rarely admits. A therapist from a level III NICU often meets asthma and croup only on paper, and a PICU therapist has the same problem with surfactant and apnea of prematurity.
Plan
A 4–6 week NPS study plan for working RRTs
This plan assumes you work three 12-hour shifts a week and study on the other days. Six weeks is comfortable; for four, merge weeks 2 and 3 and weeks 5 and 6. Weeks 2 to 4 each take a named slice of the outline, and together they cover all 150 scored items.
Week 1 · Baseline
Read the outline once, start to finish. Then run the 60-row NPS practice test cold, both sections, no notes. Sort every miss by its area code. That list is your syllabus; anything you got right on reasoning, not luck, drops down the queue.
Week 2 · II-C ventilation and oxygenation (30 items)
The heaviest block first, while your energy is fresh. Cover neonatal and pediatric cases side by side: initial settings, invasive and noninvasive modes, high-frequency ventilation, prone positioning and ECLS, and how to read a blood gas trend after a setting change. Work every case to the next move, not just the diagnosis.
Week 3 · The rest of Section II (40 items)
II-D procedures (17) first, then specialty gases (II-B, 5), medication effects (II-E, 6), pertinent information (II-A, 6) and end-of-life care (II-F, 6). The small areas are quick, but end-of-life items are application and analysis, not definitions; read them as a team-communication problem.
Week 4 · Section I breadth (80 items)
Assessment (I-A, 12), then the four 9-item areas: airway (I-D), equipment and troubleshooting (I-E), medications (I-G) and diagnostic results (I-H). Leave the 2–5 item areas for the last two evenings. Section I rewards wide, shallow coverage.
Week 5 · Patient-type pass
Go through the patient types instead of the areas: the five largest pulmonary types, then the non-pulmonary ones you rarely see at work. Re-run the practice rows you missed in week 1 and check whether the same area codes still come up.
Week 6 · Timed full run, then book
Sit a full-length practice exam, such as an NBRC SAE, under exam timing: 4 hours for 170 items is about 85 seconds each, with no clue which 20 are pretest. Then book your seat; delivery is computer-based testing at PSI assessment centers, Monday through Saturday except holidays, booked online through PSI.
Rows for the short breaks
The app sorts 1,055 NPS-style questions by outline section, so a fifteen-minute break can go to Section II alone.
Review
NPS review options compared
There is no single best NPS study guide, and NBRC does not endorse any review program: no review product, this site included, carries NBRC's backing. The useful question is which format fits how you learn and whether the material matches the current outline.
| Option | What it is | Fit and caveat |
|---|---|---|
| NBRC self-assessment exams (SAE) | Practice exams sold by the board itself: NBRC sells self-assessment exams (SAEs) on its own site (per NBRC, as of October 2026). | The only practice items that come from the organization that writes the exam. Check which outline date the version you buy follows. |
| Kettering National Seminars | Best known for live, instructor-led NPS review seminars; it also sells a home-study version. | Suits people who learn from a lecture and want a fixed date to work toward. |
| Lindsey Jones | A home-study NPS review kit sold as a product. | Suits self-paced readers. Ask which outline the kit maps to before buying. |
| Respiratory Cram | A paid online NPS course, with a free blog alongside it. | Suits people who want a structured online course on their own schedule. |
| Quizlet | Free flashcard decks made by other users. | Good for recall drills. Quality and currency vary deck by deck, and some predate the 2025 outline. |
| Uploaded notes (Docsity, CliffsNotes, Scribd) | Study-guide PDFs other students posted. | Unknown author and unknown outline date. Treat any number in them as unchecked. |
| Small Airways (this site) | Free section guides and a 60-row practice test mapped to the October 2025 outline; the app carries the full bank. | Every row is tagged with its area code. It is practice, not the exam's own items. |
Three checks before you pay for anything
First, the outline date: material built before October 1, 2025 follows an older outline with different section names. Second, the section names: the current ones are shared care (Section I) and critical care (Section II). Third, the counts: 170 multiple-choice items, 150 scored items. A guide that fails any of the three will have you studying a blueprint that no longer exists.
Whatever you buy, keep the free outline itself open beside it: it is the NPS Detailed Content Outline on nbrc.org, and it is the one document every option above is trying to cover.
Notes
Before you start
Hand-off notes
- Section I is 80 items over 13 areas; Section II is 70 items, and II-C alone is 30.
- Section II is as much analysis as application: 32 of its 70 items.
- Every form carries at least 86 pulmonary and 34 non-pulmonary items; in the pools, neonatal pulmonary and asthma have the largest floors.
- Pace for all 170 items at about 85 seconds each; the pretest rows are invisible.
Test the plan on real rows
Run the 60 rows cold and sort your misses by area code: that is week 1 of the plan, done.
FAQ
Questions people ask
How many questions are in the NPS exam?
170 multiple-choice items: 150 scored items and 20 unscored pretest items, in 4 hours. Section I holds 80 of the scored items and Section II holds 70.
What is a neonatal pediatric specialist?
A respiratory therapist who has passed NBRC's neonatal/pediatric specialty exam and holds the RRT-NPS (Registered Respiratory Therapist, Neonatal/Pediatric Specialist). It is a voluntary specialty credential, not a state license.
How do you become a NICU respiratory therapist?
Earn the RRT first: for the NPS, you must already hold the RRT credential. NICU experience then makes Section II familiar ground. The full route is in how to become a NICU respiratory therapist.
What is the best NPS study guide?
The one that matches the outline effective October 1, 2025 and fits how you learn. NBRC does not endorse any review program. Kettering is best known for live seminars (it also sells a home-study version), and Lindsey Jones sells a home-study kit; both are paid. Check the outline date before buying either.
Is there a free NPS study guide?
Yes. The content outline itself is a free PDF from NBRC, and this site's study guide, section guides and 60-row practice test are free. Quizlet decks are free too, but check their date.
Chart the next row
Sixty free rows on this site, both sections in proportion; the full 1,055-question bank in the app.